Terminology and communication offenses

Terminology and communication offenses

On 8 November was introduced in the British Parliament a bill to "Regulate the use of automated vehicles on roads and in other public places; and to make other provision in relation to vehicle automation".^[63]

This bill define offenses so that an offense under those sections can be committed anywhere in the world.^[63]

For instance, a restricted term offense for a road vehicle or for a product may occur^[63] when

• (a) the person uses, or causes or permits the use of, a restricted term in connection with the promotion or supply of a road vehicle,
• (b) the person is acting in the course of business,
• (c) the use of the restricted term is directed at an end-user or potential end-user of the vehicle,
• (d) it is reasonable to anticipate that the use of the term will come to the attention of an end-user or potential end-user of the vehicle in Great Britain, and
• (e) the vehicle is not an appropriate vehicle.

or when^[63]

• (a) the person uses, or causes or permits the use of, a restricted term in connection with the promotion or supply of a product intended for use as equipment of a road vehicle,
• (b) the person is acting in the course of business,
• (c) the use of the restricted term is directed at an end-user or potential end-user of a road vehicle,
• (d) it is reasonable to anticipate that the use of the term will come to the attention of an end-user or potential end-user of a road vehicle in Great Britain, and
• (e) the restricted term is not used specifically in relation to the use of the product as equipment of an appropriate vehicle

For the purpose of communications likely to confuse as to autonomous capability, a person commits an offense when:^[63]

• (a) the person makes, or causes or permits the making of, a communication in connection with the promotion or supply of any product or service,
• (b) the person is acting in the course of business,
• (c) the communication is directed at an end-user or potential end-user of a road vehicle,
• (d) it is reasonable to anticipate that the communication will come to the attention of an end-user or potential end-user of a road vehicle in Great Britain, and
• (e) the communication would be likely to confuse end-users of road vehicles in Great Britain as to whether a vehicle that is not an authorized automated vehicle is capable of traveling autonomously, safely and legally on roads or other public places in Great Britain

SAE classification

Tesla Autopilot is classified as an SAE Level 2 system.^[68][69]

A classification system with six levels – ranging from fully manual to fully automated systems – was published in 2014 by SAE International as J3016, Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to On-Road Motor Vehicle Automated Driving Systems; the details are revised periodically.^[13] This classification is based on the role of the driver, rather than the vehicle's capabilities, although these are loosely related. In the United States in 2013, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) released its original formal classification system. After SAE updated its classification in 2016, called J3016_201609,^[70] NHTSA adopted the SAE standard.^[71][72] The classification is a topic of debate, with various approaches proposed for its expansion.^[73][74]

SAE levels

"Driving mode" is used as "a type of driving scenario with characteristic dynamic driving task requirements (e.g., expressway merging, high speed cruising, low speed traffic jam, closed-campus operations, etc.)"^[1][75]

• Level 0: The automated system issues warnings and may momentarily intervene, but has no sustained vehicle control.
• Level 1 ("hands on"): The driver and the vehicle share control. Examples are systems where the driver controls steering and the automated system controls engine power to maintain a set speed (cruise control) or engine and brake power to maintain and vary speed (adaptive cruise control). The driver must always be ready to retake control. Lane keeping (LK) Type II is a further example of Level 1 self-driving. Automatic emergency braking, which alerts the driver to a potential crash and applies the brakes is a Level 1 feature, according to Autopilot Review magazine.^[76]
• Level 2 ("hands off"): The automated system takes full control of the vehicle: accelerating, braking, and steering. The driver must monitor the driving and be prepared to intervene immediately at any time. The shorthand "hands off" is not literal – contact between hand and wheel is often mandatory during SAE 2 driving, to confirm that the driver is ready to intervene. The driver's eyes may be monitored to confirm that the driver is attentive. True hands off driving is sometimes unofficially termed level 2.5. A common example is ACC combined with LK, such as "Super-Cruise" in the Cadillac CT6 or the F-150's BlueCruise.^[77]
• Level 3 ("eyes off"): The driver can safely turn their attention from driving. The driver must still be prepared to intervene within a time interval specified by the manufacturer, when called upon by the vehicle. This level can be thought of as a co-driver that alerts the driver in an orderly fashion when handing off control. An example would be a Traffic Jam Chauffeur^[78] (a car satisfying the Automated Lane Keeping Systems (ALKS) regulations).^[79]
• Level 4 ("mind off"): No driver attention is required for safety, allowing the driver to sleep or change seats. However, self-driving is supported only in specific areas (geofenced) or under specific circumstances. Outside of these areas/circumstances, the vehicle must be able to safely abort the trip, e.g. stop and park. An example would be a robotaxi or delivery service that covers specific locations, possibly also time-of-day-limited. Automated valet parking is another example.
• Level 5 ("steering wheel optional"): No human intervention is required under any circumstances, such as long-distance trucking.

--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "1top-oldtattoo-1" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to 1top-oldtattoo-1+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/1top-oldtattoo-1/CAGNPKm%3DzOmsfTv7pMcrCU%2BV8%2BkmaB7HJOMJ9KSuvgqo7F%3DNnAQ%40mail.gmail.com.